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Yangon University |
| Yangon University | |
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| ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် Yangon Tekkatho IPA: [jàngòʊn tɛʔga̰ɵò] |
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| Motto: | With Truth and Loyalty |
| Established: | 1878 |
| Type: | Public |
| Rector: | Dr. Tin Tun |
| Faculty: | 1023 |
| Undergraduates: | 13,500 |
| Postgraduates: | 1,000 |
| Location: | Kamayut 11041, Yangon, Yangon Division, Myanmar |
| Campus: | Urban |
| Affiliations: | ASEAN University Network (AUN), ASAIHL |
Yangon University (also the University of Yangon) (Burmese: ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ်), located in Kamayut, Yangon, is the oldest, largest and most well-known university in Myanmar (Burma).
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Established in 1878 as an affiliated college of the University of Calcutta, Rangoon College was operated and managed by the British colonial administration. Rangoon College was opened by the Education Syndicate established by the colonial government in order to manage educational institutions in Burma.1 It was renamed Government College in 1904, and University College in 1920, when University College (secular) and Judson College (Baptist-affiliated) were merged. The American Baptist Mission decided to recognise Judson College (formerly Baptist College) as a separate institution within the University of Rangoon.1 University of Rangoon modelled itself after University of Cambridge and University of Oxford.2 Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, Rangoon University was the most prestigious university in Southeast Asia and one of the top universities in Asia, attracting students from across the region.32
After the military coup of 1962 under Ne Win and the Burmese Way to Socialism, Rangoon University was put directly under the control of the Directorate of Higher Education, a central government agency, whereas previously it was run by a council of professors, scholars and government officials.2 In addition, the medium of instruction was changed to Burmese, a radical departure from English, which had been the University's medium of instruction since its founding. Educational standards began to decline markedly and international bodies stopped recognizing degrees issued or obtained at the University.2 The university was also renamed the Rangoon Arts and Sciences University (ရန္ကုန္၀ိဇၨာႏွင့္ သိပၸံတကၠသိုလ္; abbreviated RASU), after certain departments and faculties (medicine, economics, education, etc.) were separated from the University. In 1989, after the military junta had changed place names throughout Myanmar, the University was renamed Yangon University or University of Yangon. Yangon University was closed throughout the 1990s, because of fears of a repeat of the 8888 Uprising, in order to prevent student activists from assembling. To this day, the university is shut down at irregular intervals by the government. To prevent students from congregating, the government has dispersed the existing institutions and departments that make up Yangon University into separate learning institutions scattered throughout the city. Today, only graduate studies, certain professional courses, and a few diploma courses are conducted at the University's main campus with newer universities, such as Dagon University, designated for undergraduates.
Yangon University celebrated its Diamond Jubilee in a week-long celebration, which began on 1 December 1995. The Jubilee marked the school's formal establishment of 75 years. For its commemoration, the government built the Diamond Jubilee Hall, a four-storied building in the University's grounds, which cost K 630,000,000, and a new set of postage stamps was also produced. 4. Once-affiliated institutes and departments (e.g., the Institute of Economics, Yangon which began life as a department at Yangon University), which had already separated, also celebrated.
Rangoon University students staged a peaceful demonstration and protest on campus against 'unjust university rules' on 7 July 1962. Ne Win sent his troops to disperse the students which led to dozens of students being shot dead and the historic Rangoon University Student Union (RUSU) building dynamited to rubble the next morning.
In November 1974 the former UN Secretary General U Thant died, and on the day of his funeral on 5 December 1974, Rangoon University students snatched his coffin on display at the Kyaikkasan Race Course, and erected a makeshift mausoleum on the grounds of the RUSU in protest against the government for not honouring their famous countryman with a state funeral. The military stormed the campus on 11 December killing some of the students, recovered the coffin, and buried U Thant at the foot of the Shwedagon Pagoda.
Yangon University is located in the former capital city of Yangon, Burma, along the southwestern bank of Inya Lake, the largest lake in the city. It is on the corner of Pyay Road and University Avenue Road in Kamayut Township, north of downtown Yangon. The modern campus of Yangon University completed construction in 1920. There are two campuses, namely Main Campus and Hlaing Campus, the former being the most well-known. Judson Church, inside the main campus of the University, is a Baptist church, and like Judson College, named after Adoniram Judson, a 19th C American missionary who compiled the first Burmese-English dictionary. The main campus also contains a convocation hall.
University accommodation in Burma is not mixed and the availability is limited. Women's halls have limited rules while men's have none.
Yangon University offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes. The undergraduate programmes are subdivided into three categories: Arts (B.A.), Sciences (B.Sc.), and Law. The choice of different fields of learning takes place in upper secondary school where students choose particular subjects directed towards their tertiary education. Postgraduate degrees are separated into three groups: Doctorates, Master's, and diplomas. Since the uprising of 1996, YU no longer offers any full-time undergraduate programme. In addition, the authorities no longer allow undergraduate students on campus .
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